Tropical Storm Lehar approaches Andaman and Nicobar Islands amidst future troubles

METD WEATHER
Akshay Deoras
Severe Weather Forecaster

The newly formed Tropical Storm Lehar is approaching the Andaman and Nicobar Islands now and at the moment passing between Port Blair and Little Andaman Island as can be seen in this IR-NHC image via CIMSS taken at 1330UT,24th Nov.

At the moment, based on DVORAK estimates, Tropical Storm Lehar has peak winds of 55kt i.e about 100km/hr and over the past 6hrs has tracked NW with an increased velocity of 12kt or ~22km/hr (Previously it was tracking by about 15km/hr). Although a CDO (Central Dense Overcast) feature seems to be visible now in the IR-NHC image, Lehar has started running out of trouble as some of its vital parameters at the moment are not supporting it- although it continues to maintain its intensity and has intensified by 10kt in the past few hours.

The primary concern coming now is the sliding drier air from the North (from the mainland of India into Northern Bay of Bengal). Here is a comparison of the latest and pre latest Total Precipitable Water image-

The topmost image shows the Precipitable Water Content- an indicator of the moisture in the atmosphere some hours ago. The area to look for is North of Bay of Bengal where you can see a triangular region of purple,blue,green shades. Now see that region again in the bottommost image. Its very clear that the dry air is sliding down from the mainland into Bay of Bengal and apparently seems to be interacting with the outer rainbands of Tropical Storm Lehar. Dry air is a kind of poison to such thermodynamic systems- Tropical Storm Lehar as it chokes off the thermal engine which leads to weakening of the storm. We are monitoring this region of drier air.. The reason why this dry air is getting pushed south is being discussed. If it slides further south, within 24hrs it will interact with Tropical Storm Lehar and hence the rate of its intensification shall decrease.

The second trouble thats coming up for Lehar is the decreased lower air convergence over the last few hours. Low air convergence is an essential factor for cyclones to intensify. From the past ~25kt low air convergence, the convergence now as per CIMSS stands out to be barely 10-15kt and is offset the CDO/LLCC i.e is SE of the centre of the tropical storm.

IT does appear that over say 12hrs or so the low convergence will be decreasing significantly.
The situation at the upper level is more or less the same. The system had an excellent poleward outflow of 60kt last night which has dropped now to 30kt and the tendency seems to be decreasing ahead as well amidst a moderate wind shear of 20kt...

It does appear that Tropical Storm Lehar won't be intensifying for sometime now, say during the next 12hrs or so. It probably will be disorganise a little given the decreasing convergence. Probably the pressure at the centre which is 996mb shall rise littlebit.

The fate of Tropical Storm Lehar will entirely depend on the above parameters as it churns in a warm sea with present sea surface temperature of 29C. The subtropical ridge (STR) aloft which is steering the system is at the present towards north of the system and over the next 24hrs, the system will be riding under the STR as it becomes parallel to the latitude (non inclined) and after 72hr, the STR shall be south of the system. Unlike Cyclone Phailin, TS Lehar has some factors to non stop affect it (given above ofcourse) and later the cooler sea offshore AP-Odisha coast.

As a result, its being inferred that Tropical Storm Lehar will intensify to A MAXIMUM CATEGORY 2 CYCLONE. This intensification,rather Rapid Intensification shall start after it gets sufficient land clearance,say later tomorrow,25th Nov

Regarding the landfall position, the cone of uncertainty is still high however there are increased chances that the system will land in Andhra Pradesh (South of Vizag) : Near Kakinada on the afternoon of Thursday,28th Nov 2013. Once we have an increased confidence over the landfall area, alert map will be displayed..

Tropical Storm Lehar however shall make a landfall as a Category 2 cyclone (present estimates) with maximum winds of around 175km/hr!

STAY TUNED FOR THE UPDATES 

CATEGORY 5 CYCLONE PHAILIN TO IMPACT ODISHA TODAY,EXTENSIVE DAMAGE EXPECTED

METD WEATHER
Akshay Deoras
Severe Weather Forecaster

*** CATEGORY 5 CYCLONE PHAILIN HEADING TOWARDS ODISHA, BIG DAMAGE EXPECTED FROM TODAY*** 

Beating all the expectations, Cyclone Phailin yesterday (11th Oct) morning intensified to a Category 4 cyclone and had a peak winds of 135 kt as per JTWC which gusted even above 150 kt during the morning hours. The estimated air pressure at the core too had dropped to around 925mb-930mb. Morning images clearly showed an eyewall surrounding the eye and Phailin was all set to replace its existing eye with the eyewall- a process common in such high intensity cyclones which is called as "Eyewall Replacement Cycle". The maximum winds in such a high intensity cyclone are in the

eyewall and as it moves inwards towards the eye, the cyclone typically weakens which is usually indicated by the increase in the air pressure of the core and decrease in the wind speed. Although with Phailin, we couldn't avail sufficient data to demonstrate how much the wind speed decreased or air pressure increased.

(Image at Right obtained in the late afternoon showed the completion of eyewall replacement cycle)






As soon as the new eye got stabilised, Category 4 cyclone Phailin re-intensified to a powerful Category 5 cyclone and at the moment continues to be a category 5 cyclone with estimated max sustained winds of around 146kt (around 270km/hr),gusting to over 320km/hr and an air pressure of around 915mb at the core as per NRL. Over the past few hours, Tropical Cyclone Phailin has become faster as it moved North-West with a speed of around 17km/hr from the previous 10km/hr which was yesterday morning. The latest attached imagery (the top image) clearly shows a stable eye and a CDO feature (Central Dense Overcast : a feature in which large band of thunderstorms in various shapes, here circular surround the eye) and typically the Dvorak intensity decreases
(say T ~5).

CYCLONE PHAILIN NOW IS STRONGER THAN THE 1999 SUPERCYCLONE OF ODISHA

Right- The latest CIMSS image of SST (Sea Surface Temp) of Bay of Bengal shows a pool of unusually warmer sea offshore Odisha,Andhra Pradesh having SST of 30C as against 29C where Phailin's heat engine (the core) is at the moment. Thus its likely that as Phailin moves NW further towards the coast for a landfall, its intensification will continue given this support. Phailin has enjoyed light sheared environment of just 5-10 Kt that has hardly spoilt its intensity (apart from broken symmetry to its SW spiral arms around yesterday when they were in a moderate shear region of 25-30Kt).

The air dynamics too have been favourable for this system with the upper air divergence now better than the yesterday morning : during the eyewall replacement when it had dropped to 30 kt. Although it continues to be numerically the same, a drop (cooling) of cloud tops are indicating a better southward radial outflow and a better symmetrical structure thanks to the assisted 40 kt lower air convergence which too had dropped to 30 kt for a while leading to a kind of fragmented spiral arms of the system leading to the broken symmetry today (short before it being declared as a category 5)

TPW (Total Precipitable Water) continues to be very impressive with a numerical value of over 65mm suggesting a very high flooding threat for coastal,interior Odisha apart from significant

rainfall in Eastern India (see METD WEATHER map for details) which covers states like Jharkhand,Bihar,West Bengal prominently.

(Right- CIMSS TPW image showing high PW)


So it looks like Tropical Cyclone Phailin will continue to move NW towards Odisha coast with more or less the same intensity till the landfall (although some models indicate it to be a higher end of Category 4 cyclone at the landfall). The reason being attributed to this is the proximity of land and subsequent interaction with the dry air just before the landfall.

The area of landfall should be around Brahmapur in Odisha rather Gopalpur (which comes more close to the sea than the former). The region of landfall like conditions should bounce between Srikakular,AP to Puri,Odisha with the highest chances towards Brahmapur region and the landfall (eye crossing the land) will be towards today evening (ALTHOUGH LANDFALL LIKE CONDITIONS WILL BEGIN FROM THE LATE MORNING TO AFTERNOON ONWARDS) 

POTENTIAL IMPACTS TODAY

* As the cyclone approaches the coast, there will be an increase in the sea waves height as the storm surge (movement of wall of sea water towards the land as the cyclone moves inward). 

*Rainfall along with wind speed will gradually increase in Odisha state including bordering states like coastal Andhra Pradesh, coastal West Bengal. Big cities like Puri,Cuttack,Bhubaneshwar etc will witness high velocity winds,rains in the day and conditions turning worst from the afternoon onwards. 

* Due to increased rainfall and wind, the first damage will be to the weak settlements like huts etc and breaking of trees (uprooting too) with damage to powerlines will start.

* During the landfall, the coastal areas of Odisha and areas around Srikakulam,AP will witness strong tides of height upto 20ft and wind having velocity of around 230km/hr and above (gusting more than that). Interior areas too will start witnessing such conditions along with heavy rains.

* Widespread disruptions to rail,road and air traffic in the state are likely from today. Due to flood in many areas due to the rains, villages etc will get cut off from nearby cities/towns. Severe waterlogging too will be witnessed in big cities like Bhubaneshwar and around. 

SAFETY MEASURES (Via Ready.gov)

• Listen to the radio or TV for information.
• Secure your home, close storm shutters and secure outdoor objects or bring them indoors.
• Turn off utilities if instructed to do so. Otherwise, turn the refrigerator thermostat to its coldest setting and keep its doors closed.
• Turn off propane tanks
• Avoid using the phone, except for serious emergencies.
• Moor your boat if time permits.
• Ensure a supply of water for sanitary purpose such as cleaning and flushing toilets. Fill the bathtub and other larger containers with water.
• Find out how to keep food safe during and after and emergency.

You should evacuate under the following conditions:

If you are directed by local authorities to do so. Be sure to follow their instructions.

• If you live in a mobile home or temporary structure – such shelter are particularly hazardous during hurricane no matter how well fastened to the ground.
• If you live in a high-rise building – hurricane winds are stronger at higher elevations.
• If you live on the coast, on a floodplain, near a river, or on an island waterway.

If you are unable to evacuate, go to your wind-safe room. If you do not have one, follow these guidelines:

• Stay indoors during the hurricane and away from windows and glass doors.
• Close all interior doors – secure and brace external doors.
• Keep curtains and blinds closed. Do not be fooled if there is a lull; it could be the eye of the storm – winds will pick up again.
• Take refuge in a small interior room, closet or hallway on the lowest level.
• Lie on the floor under a table or another sturdy object.
• Avoid elevators.

Cyclone Phailin undergoes rapid intensification, now a Category 3 cyclone!

METD WEATHER
Akshay Deoras
Severe Weather Forecaster

TROPICAL CYCLONE PHAILIN POSSES AN INCREASED THREAT FOR ODISHA AND BORDERING ANDHRA PRADESH COAST


Surpassing all the anticipations, Tropical Cyclone Phailin has undergone (and continues to undergo) a rapid intensification due to which in a very short time it has intensified to a powerful Category 3 Cyclone with maximum winds of around 100Kt (around 185km/hr) gusting to around 125Kt and cloud top temperature over -70C with a clearer eyewall!!!!

The above image of Cyclone Phailin from NRL clearly shows a stable eye and possibly the associated eyewall close to 16N,90E as Phailin continues to move NW towards the Odisha coast.

The major reason of this rapid intensification of Cyclone Phailin is the absence of the conditions (on high magnitude) (like dry air, cooler sea surface temperature,high vertical wind shear etc). Such conditions often interfere with the strength of a cyclone leading to its weakening. With Tropical Cyclone Phailin, the conditions have been supporting for it to intensify since the beginning.

Upper Air conditions continue to indicate that Tropical Cyclone Phailin is getting a very favourable southern outflow ranging over 30 Kt assisting the convection process whereas its being "gripped/tightened" due to the extremely favourable convergence ~30Kt at its base to the south of non CDO (Central Dense Overcast) eye. Wind shears to continue to be relaxed just 5-10Kt near the LLCC (Low level circulation centre) and continue to be moderate to the SW (seen from the broken fragments) although it is not affecting the cyclone's strength. The CIMSS wind shear tendency continues to show that Phalin will continue to enjoy a light sheared environment enroute to Odisha coast thereby nailing down its chance to weaken significantly.

The above multi sensitivity image from NRL (refer bottom two) clearly show the symmetrical rainbands (pointed by yellow arrows) around the eye and the stable eyewall circulating the eye. Hence one can't expect an eyewall replacement cycle soon in Phailin. The temperature of the eye of Phailin has risen to 0C also (Courtesy-Rajesh Kapadia/Vagaries of Weather) which is a usual feature with such high intensity cyclones which happens when the air in the eye gets adiabatically compressed (during its sinking stage) leading to a rise in the temperature. The MSLP in eye area is anticipated to be around 950mb!

As Phailin continues to churn in a warm (29C) SST of Bay of Bengal, not even the dry air (encircled in red in the above image) offshore West Bengal will affect its intensity as the inflow isn't from northern direction.

Considering all the parameters, Tropical Cyclone Phailin is now expected to intensify (JTWC estimate) to a Category 4 Cyclone shortly before it hits Odisha coast : Near Brahmapur on Saturday (12th Oct 2013) afternoon period (Although landfall like conditions will emerge from the evening/night of Friday,11th Oct ONLY) 

It looks like max sustained wind of this cyclone at the landfall on Saturday will be around 110kt (around 200km/hr) which will be categorised as a high end Category 3 Cyclone (Although on Friday,11th Oct its likely to intensify to Category 4). As it approaches Odisha (although landfall like conditions will happen in Odisha bordering Andhra Pradesh coast like Srikakulam), the outer convection bands will encounter with the land and so there should be a decreasing intensity (A degradation from Category 4 to Category 3) but be it Category 3 or 4, Tropical Cyclone Phailin posses a MAJOR threat for Odisha which includes widespread damage to life,property

Jharkhand,Western West Bengal also posses heavy rainfall threat due to it along with Odisha on Saturday,Sunday chiefly. 

* The big city coming in this threat will be Bhubaneshwar in Odisha where high velocity winds (gusting possibly upto 200km/hr ) with heavy rains will be witnessed during the landfall.

SAFETY TIPS- (Via Ready.gov)

Before a Cyclone (Hurricane)

To prepare for a hurricane, you should take the following measures:

• To begin preparing, you should build an emergency kit and make a family communications plan.
• Know your surroundings.
• Learn the elevation level of your property and whether the land is flood-prone. This will help you know how your property will be affected when storm surge or tidal flooding are forecasted.
• Identify levees and dams in your area and determine whether they pose a hazard to you.
• Learn community hurricane evacuation routes and how to find higher ground. Determine where you would go and how you would get there if you needed to evacuate.
• Make plans to secure your property:
• Cover all of your home’s windows. Permanent storm shutters offer the best protection for windows. A second option is to board up windows with 5/8” marine plywood, cut to fit and ready to install. Tape does not prevent windows from breaking.
• Install straps or additional clips to securely fasten your roof to the frame structure. This will reduce roof damage.
• Be sure trees and shrubs around your home are well trimmed so they are more wind resistant.
• Clear loose and clogged rain gutters and downspouts.
• Reinforce your garage doors; if wind enters a garage it can cause dangerous and expensive structural damage.
• Plan to bring in all outdoor furniture, decorations, garbage cans and anything else that is not tied down.
• Determine how and where to secure your boat.
• Install a generator for emergencies.
• If in a high-rise building, be prepared to take shelter on or below the 10th floor.
• Consider building a safe room.

During a cyclone (hurricane)

If a hurricane is likely in your area, you should:

• Listen to the radio or TV for information.
• Secure your home, close storm shutters and secure outdoor objects or bring them indoors.
• Turn off utilities if instructed to do so. Otherwise, turn the refrigerator thermostat to its coldest setting and keep its doors closed.
• Turn off propane tanks
• Avoid using the phone, except for serious emergencies.
• Moor your boat if time permits.
• Ensure a supply of water for sanitary purpose such as cleaning and flushing toilets. Fill the bathtub and other larger containers with water.
• Find out how to keep food safe during and after and emergency.

You should evacuate under the following conditions:

If you are directed by local authorities to do so. Be sure to follow their instructions.

• If you live in a mobile home or temporary structure – such shelter are particularly hazardous during hurricane no matter how well fastened to the ground.
• If you live in a high-rise building – hurricane winds are stronger at higher elevations.
• If you live on the coast, on a floodplain, near a river, or on an island waterway.

 If you are unable to evacuate, go to your wind-safe room. If you do not have one, follow these guidelines:

• Stay indoors during the hurricane and away from windows and glass doors.
• Close all interior doors – secure and brace external doors.
• Keep curtains and blinds closed. Do not be fooled if there is a lull; it could be the eye of the storm – winds will pick up again.
• Take refuge in a small interior room, closet or hallway on the lowest level.
• Lie on the floor under a table or another sturdy object.
• Avoid elevators.

Arabian Sea system shows "signs" of life after models kill it! BOB Depression/TS to impact Tamil Nadu

METD WEATHER
Akshay Deoras
Severe Weather Forecaster

Bay of Bengal Update- 

As was expected, the BOB system ( hence to be called as Tropical Depression) is churning in the Southern Bay of Bengal.

The above morning IR-BD imagery shows the exposed LLCC centred somewhere in the 9.5N,83.5E which is ~ 530km SE of Chennai.
So far the max sustained winds are around 55km/hr with MSLP ~ 1002mb.

The system has intensified since the last post due to favoured conditions. The model analysis suggests that the system is moving in a region of 30kt upper air divergence and around 15kt low level convergence with the V wind shear to be around 10kt.

Based on the models and observations, it appears that the system which at present is a Tropical Depression will INTENSIFY to a marginal Tropical Storm status ( With max sustained winds of around 65kt )

As a Tropical Storm, it shall head for a landfall in a region

 Between Ammapatam to Cuddalore ( Tamil Nadu) 

    ON Tuesday,Oct 30 2012 night period to Oct 31 2012 Wednesday early   morning hours- 

(10PM IST- 0400hrs IST) 

IMPACTS- 

* ROUGH SEA WILL CONTINUE NEAR THE TAMIL NADU COAST TILL 1ST NOV 2012 

* STRONG GUSTY WINDS WILL BE WITNESSED in ENTIRE TAMIL NADU, PONDICHERRY ( PUDUCHERRY),COASTAL BORDERING ANDHRA PRADESH BEGINNING TONIGHT AND ENDING AFTER THE SYSTEM PASSES

* HEAVY RAINS  ARE LIKELY IN THE AREAS IN CYCLONE's PATH AND ADJOINING AREAS AS SHOWN IN THE MAP AND THEN STRETCHING AS NORTH AS HYDERABAD on 31st Oct 2012 AS THE SYSTEM MOVES. MODERATE RAINS IN KARNATAKA AS WELL. 

* CHENNAI ALSO WILL WITNESS HEAVY RAINS,WINDS IN THE PERIOD 

* Flooding Potential across INTERIOR TAMIL NADU 

After the landfall, the depression will move inland and will be steered by the upper air winds which will move the system North-North East wards on Oct 31 due to which the rainfall shall spread into Karnataka,Andhra Pradesh,Maharashtra and the entire Eastern coastal states on 1-2nd Nov 2012. 

The rainfall then shall spread further reaching Northern Maharashtra-Central MP latitude by Nov 2-3 2012 due to which Nagpur will get rainfall in a period between 1-4th Nov 2012 with cloud skies. ( For exact details refer METD WEATHER FACEBOOK PAGE) with highest chances of rains on Nov 2-3. 

II- Arabian System- 

The recent GFS models have turned a lot since the last post and now they aren't showing any chance of Arabian System to form or it merging with the Bay Storm/Depression. 

Infact as was reported on METD WEATHER Facebook, the system faced a lot of problems on Oct 28th i.e yesterday as there was no proper low level convergence to grip the convection. 

However things changed today and lets have a look-

Animation- 

http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/products/tc_realtime/loop.asp?product=4kmirimg&storm_identifier=IO962012&starting_image=2012IO96_4KMIRIMG_201210282200.GIF

Above- 

The top most image is of 28th Oct 0730GMT where the system faced a lot of problems due to lack of LL convergence. The below image is of Oct 29 0730GMT showing that the system has organised a lot since last 24hr given the developing Low level convergence of around 10kt. 

The system continues to remain in an excellent poleward outflow ( associated with the Bay system) of around 30kt and favoured SST to support robust convection. The wind shears are also relaxed (vertical). 

Here is a look at the latest precipitation embedded in the system- 

One can observe that outer rain bands have formed and there seems to be a developing LLCC with more banding from the Southern periphery of the system

Thus, I do expect that the Arabian Sea system will intensify further given the excellent conditions available. However, there is a decreasing confidence at the moment whether the system will head towards Gujarat or not. 

Considering the model runs and vicinity of the Bay system, it appears that the Arabian Sea system shall head NE gradually and move inland somewhere in Karnataka when the Bay system will be present. So in such a case, the chance of Arabian System forming into a Tropical Cyclone is very very less. However it can get converted into a Tropical Depression, move NE and move inwards in the Western Coast of India

As a result, the warnings issued previously for Gujarat STAND CANCELLED

TROPICAL CYCLONE/DEPRESSION ALERTS FOR INDIA

METD WEATHER
Akshay Deoras
Severe Weather Forecaster

"THE TROPICAL CYCLONE/DEPRESSION ACTIVITY BOTH IN THE ARBIAN SEA AND BAY OF BENGAL IS EXPECTED. STORM TRACKS CAN THREATEN INDIA"

"" FOR THE LATEST UPDATES, FOLLOW METD WEATHER ON FACEBOOK"""

The flattened 2012 North Indian Ocean Cyclone Season has revived with two candidates. BOB 01 and Tropical Storm Murjan. As METD WEATHER doesn't consider it, lets not discuss those past systems.

I- Bay of Bengal ( BOB)

The above DUNDEE imagery ( IR) spectrum shows massive CB clouds in the Central BOB with cloud tops around -30C at the moment. The imagery is of 0530PM IST. 

Animation (IR) here shows how the system has evolved robustly. 

http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/products/tc_realtime/loop.asp?product=4kmirimg&storm_identifier=WP932012&starting_image=2012WP93_4KMIRIMG_201210270900.GIF

The above imagery shows that the system has organised much as seen from its symmetrical geometry. The system is encountering a building ~10kt convergence at the lower levels with extremely favorable thermodynamic conditions. The system continues to have 20kt upper air divergence with relaxed wind shears (vertical of 05-10kt barely) to support cyclogenesis in the 28-30C SST in the region.

Considering the favoured conditions, it appears that the system is very likely to strengthen further in the next 48hrs before it approaches the Indian SE and Sri-Lanka coast. 

The system can advance further and get a "Tropical Storm" status in the next 48hrs...

Where will it head? 

As per the 12z model which has been consistent, the system will be heading West and will make a landfall in a region between Cuddalore,Tamil Nadu and Northern Sri Lanka region. The area is purposively being kept large to settle the landfall uncertainties.  

The landfall seems to be happening on Oct 30 2012 in the morning - afternoon time ***
*** time may change***

Potential Impacts-

* Rough Seas offshore Tamil Nadu will initiate within 48hrs and will increase as the system approaches. 

* Heavy Rains with strong winds shall initiate in the Eastern Tamil Nadu region from 29th Oct and increasing ( VERY HEAVY) during the landfall. 

-------------------------------

II- ARABIAN SEA

The above DUNDEE imagery showing a wedge region of convection in the Southern Arabian Sea. So far the region hasn't shown any significant convergence and hence the system continues to remain widespread in the Arabian Sea. 

However, as the Bay System ( Possibly will be named Tropical Storm Nilam) will interact with the Arabian System and due to this, the moisture amounts of the Arabian System will increase. 

As the Arabian System moves as per the estimated NW track due to the upper air wind pattern, it seems that system will intensify robustly ( Its having around 15kt lower convergence, 10kt upper air divergence, around 5-10kt vertical wind shear, favoured SST), 

This system has a very high chance of getting converted to a Tropical Storm and due to its path, Western India will face some rainfall events. 

At present, at the upper level a shortwave trough is digging through India and as the trough exits which eventually co-incides with the system's northerly approach, the system will be steered by the jet streams which will start the system turning NE towards India-Sindh region

Model uncertainty exists at the moment however considering the consistency and the upper air pattern, it appears that the system will make a landfall somewhere near NW Gujarat-Sindh border 

on Saturday,Nov 3 2012 *** 

*** timings will vary*** 

The region of landfall is purposively kept wide to avoid uncertainties of the models 

The probable landfall areas ( will be modified suitably)

Entire West Coastal Gujarat,Sindh coast. 

IMPACTS-

Rainfall shall happen across Western Coast of India ( excluding Kerala) with more amounts towards Goa,Western Maharashtra,NW Maharashtra, Central Maharashtra and vicinity. 

LAKSHADWEEP ALSO WILL GET  RAINS AS THE SYSTEM WILL APPROACH VERY CLOSE TO IT

Mumbai,Pune etc will get rains around 3-4th Nov period *** 

The landfall impacts shall vary with the storm's intensity hence it shall be notified later on. 

Rough seas shall persists near the Indian coasts

STAY TUNED FOR UPDATES